The main advantages of fibre optical over copper conductors are:
- Wider bandwidth permitting higher data bit rates
- Much lower signal attenuation (data loss)
- Freedom from electromagnetic interference
- Small size and light weight making installation easier
- More secure
- No electrical potential
There are two types of fibre optic cable; multimode and single mode. Multimode has two sizes 50/125µ(microns) and 62.5/125µ which operate on 850nm(nanometres) and 1300nm wavelengths. If you are looking for a cheaper option with speeds of up to 10Gbps and have no reason for cables in excess of 550m then this is typically the cable for you. Single mode has one size, 8/125µ, uses wavelengths 1310nm, 1550nm and 1625nm, and is used in long distance applications, with a max distance of around 100km. Even at this length it can produce the same speed of 10Gbps. Single mode however is more expensive and is used less in commercial businesses. There are many different types of fibre optic cable to choose from, depending on the location, temperature, length, and amount of connections you need. Below are a few examples:
- Tight Buffered Distribution Cable (4-24 Fibres): I deal for internal cabling and installation within trunking, ceiling or underfloor spaces. It is made with LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) to adhere to BS/EN 61034-1/2 and BS EN/ IEC 60754-1/2.
- Single Loose Tube Fibre Optic Cable (4-24 Fibres) Single mode or Multi mode avalable. Has an inner gel to stop water ingress, and can be ordered to have a metal armouring to protect against rodents, insects and physical damage. This cable is ideal for external – internal routes such as ducting or underground burial as it is also LSZH.